In Canada, a penny is a coin worth one cent, or 1⁄100 of a dollar. According to the Royal Canadian Mint, the official national term for the coin is the “ one-cent piece ”, but in practice the terms penny and cent predominate. Penny was probably promptly adopted because the previous neologism in Canada ( up to 1858 ) was the british monetary system, where Canada used British pounds, shillings, and penny as neologism alongside U.S. decimal coins and Spanish milled dollars. In Canadian French, the penny is frequently known by the loanword cent ; in line with the heteronymous news mean “ hundred “ ( french : [ sɑ̃ ] ( ) ), this keeps the english pronunciation [ sɛnt ] ( ). gull terms include cenne, cenne noire, or sou noir ( black penny ), although park Quebec French usage is sou.
Reading: Penny (Canadian coin) – Wikipedia
production of the penny ceased in May 2012, [ 1 ] and the Royal Canadian Mint ceased distribution of them as of February 4, 2013. [ 2 ] however, the mint remains legal tender. [ 3 ] Nevertheless, once distribution of the coin ceased, vendors were no long expected to return pennies as change for cash purchases, and were encouraged to round purchases to the nearest five cents. [ 4 ] Goods are still priced in one-cent increments, and non-cash transactions like credit cards are distillery paid to the claim penny .
description [edit ]
Like all canadian coins, the obverse depicts the reigning canadian monarch at the fourth dimension of publish. The final obverse depicts Queen Elizabeth II ; her compare was introduced in 1953 and late saw three design updates, the beginning happen in 1965, a 1990 update to the design of Dora de Pedery-Hunt, and the 2003 update designed by Susanna Blunt. [ 5 ] A particular reversion side, depicting a rock ‘n’ roll dive, was issued in 1967 as separate of a centennial commemoration. [ 6 ] It was designed by the canadian artist Alex Colville, and its practice in 1967 marked the only time the 1937 maple leaf design was not used for the penny before it was discontinued in 2012. [ 7 ] The maple twig depicted on the coin is botanically wrong [ 8 ] as the phyllotaxis of the catch on on the coin is clearly alternate, while maples constantly have reverse leaves. Most pennies have a round, smooth edge. Pennies minted from 1982 to 1996 are twelve-sided. This was to help the visually mar identify the coin. [ 9 ] The 1997 copper-plated zinc mint proved unmanageable to plate in the twelve-sided form, hence the mint reverted to a round human body. [ 10 ]
history [edit ]
A 1920 penny featuring King George V, the first year of the small penny The first canadian cent was minted in 1858 and had a diameter of 1 edge ( 25.4 millimeter ) and a system of weights of 1⁄100 lebanese pound ( 4.54 gigabyte ). These cents were in the first place issued to bring some kind of order to the Canadian monetary system, which, until 1858, relied on british coinage, bank and commercial tokens ( francophones calling them sous, an historic term from the french currency ), U.S. currentness and spanish milled dollars. The coin ‘s specifications were chosen with the intention of the coins besides being utilitarian as quantify tools. however, their light weight compared to the savings bank and merchant halfpenny tokens readily available at the time was a unplayful hindrance to their adoption by the public. Some of the coins were even sold at a 20 % deduction, and were inherited by the Dominion government in 1867. fresh product of newly cents ( with the weight increased to 1⁄5 snow leopard or 5.67 grams ) was not required until 1876. [ 11 ] The big cents of 1858–1920 were importantly larger than modern one-cent coins and even slightly larger than the modern 25-cent slice ( its diameter being 23.88 millimetres or 0.940 inches ). After Confederation, these large cent coins were struck on the planchet of the british halfpenny and were approximately the lapp value. Pennies were issued sporadically in the third base quarter of the nineteenth century. They were used in the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia upon Confederation in 1867. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia had issued their own neologism prior to that date, with British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland continuing to issue “ pennies ” until they joined Confederation. The mint was reduced in size to its stream size to match the size of the american penny. [ 7 ]
1936 dot cent [edit ]
The rare 1936 acid cent is as noteworthy in canadian numismatics as the 50-cent objet d’art of 1921. There were four minted specimens of this mint, produced with the department of transportation to show they were made in 1937 while the mint was waiting for new dies due to a stay caused by the abdication of King Edward VIII and the want to create new dies for his successor, George VI. The last one sold at Heritage Auctions in January 2010 for over US $ 400,000 before taxes. It was graded specimen 66 by the Professional Coin Grading Service. Three known examples are in secret collections, and the fourthly is not in the Ottawa Currency Museum ; it is one of few gaps in the museum ‘s collection .
1947 Maple Leaf consequence [edit ]
In contrast to the 1936 issues, the 1948 cents date 1947 and specially marked are identical coarse. These 1947 Maple Leaf coins were made while the dies were being changed to show George VI was no longer Emperor of India, as the title of “ Emperor of India ” was dropped from the titles of the Crown per article 7.2 of the Parliament of the United Kingdom ‘s indian Independence Act 1947 .
typography throughout history [edit ]
| Years | Mass | Diameter/shape | Composition[12] |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1858–1859 | 4.54 g | 25.4 mm (1 inch), round | 95% copper, 4% tin, 1% zinc (bronze) |
| 1876–1920 | 5.67 g | 25.4 mm (1 inch), round | 95.5% copper, 3% tin, 1.5% zinc |
| 1920–1941 | 3.24 g | 19.05 mm (
3 ⁄ 4 inch), round |
95.5% copper, 3% tin, 1.5% zinc |
| 1942–1977 | 3.24 g | 19.05 mm (
3 ⁄ 4 inch), round |
98% copper, 0.5% tin, 1.5% zinc |
| 1978–1979 | 3.24 g | 19.05 mm (
3 ⁄ 4 inch), round |
98% copper, 1.75% tin, 0.25% zinc |
| 1980–1981 | 2.8 g | 19.05 mm (
3 ⁄ 4 inch), round |
98% copper, 1.75% tin, 0.25% zinc |
| 1982–1996 | 2.5 g | 19.05 mm (
3 ⁄ 4 inch), 12-sided |
98% copper, 1.75% tin, 0.25% zinc |
| 1997–1999 | 2.25 g | 19.05 mm (
3 ⁄ 4 inch), round |
98.4% zinc, 1.6% copper plating |
| 2000–2012 | 2.35 g | 19.05 mm (
3 ⁄ 4 inch), round |
94% steel, 1.5% nickel, 4.5% copper plating |
Based on technical specifications provided by the Mint Act, entirely pennies produced from 1982 to their discontinuance in 2013 are still legally “ circulation coins ”. [ 13 ] From May 2006 to October 2008, all circulation canadian pennies from 1942 to 1996 had a dissolve value of over CA $ 0.02 based on the increasing descry price of copper in the commodity markets. The break-even monetary value for a 2.8 gravitational constant solid bull penny is US $ 1.61/ pound, with prices during this period reaching arsenic high as US $ 4/lb. [ 14 ]
abolition [edit ]
There had been repeated debate about ceasing production of the penny because of the monetary value of producing it and a perceive lack of utility. In mid-2010 the Standing Senate Committee on National Finance began a study on the future of the one-cent mint. [ 15 ] On December 14, 2010, the Senate finance committee recommended [ 16 ] the penny be removed from circulation, arguing that a century of ostentation had eroded the prize and utility of the one-cent part. A 2007 survey indicated that 37 percentage of Canadians used pennies, but the politics continued to produce about 816 million pennies per year, equal to 24 pennies per Canadian. [ 17 ] The Royal Canadian Mint had been forced to produce bombastic numbers of pennies because they disappeared from circulation, as people hoarded these coins or simply avoid using them. In 2011 the Royal Canadian Mint had minted 1.1 billion pennies, more than doubling the 2010 production act of 486.2 million pennies. [ 18 ] In former 2010, finance committee members of the Canadian Senate estimated that the average canadian had ampere many as 600 pennies hoarded away, taken out of circulation. [ 16 ] On March 29, 2012, the federal government announced in its budget [ 19 ] that it would withdraw the penny from circulation in the fall of 2012. The budget announcement eliminating the penny cited the cost of producing it at 1.6 cents. [ 19 ] The final penny was minted at the RCM ‘s Winnipeg, Manitoba, implant on the dawn of May 4, 2012, [ 20 ] and was late entrusted to the Bank of Canada Museum in Ottawa. [ 21 ] Existing pennies will remain legal tender indefinitely ; [ 22 ] however, pennies were withdrawn from circulation on February 4, 2013. [ 23 ] The Currency Act says that “ A requital in coins [ … ] is a legal bid for no more than [ … ] twenty-five cents if the appellation is one penny. ” [ 24 ] On February 4, 2013, Google celebrated the begin of the end for the canadian penny with a Google Doodle. [ 25 ] On the same day the Canadian Mint began melting down the calculate 35 billion pennies that are in circulation. [ 26 ] Cash transactions are immediately rounded to the nearest multiple of 5 cents. [ 27 ] The round is not done on individual items but on the entire placard of sale, with totals being rounded to the nearest multiple of 5, i.e., totals ending in 1 or 2 round down to 0, totals ending in 3,4,6, or 7 round to 5, and totals ending in 8 or 9 orotund up to 10.
commemorative editions [edit ]
| Image | Year | Theme | Artist | Mintage | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1967 | Canadian centennial | Alex Colville | 345,140,645 | Features a rock dove in flight. Dated 1867–1967. |
First strikes [edit ]
| Year | Theme | Mintage | Issue price |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | First day cover | 1,799 | $14.95 |
| 2006 | With new mint mark | 5,000 | $29.95 |
coinage [edit ]
number of the mintage of every year
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See besides [edit ]
- Dei Gratia Regina, which appears abbreviated on the face of the coin
